193 Philip Gleason, Speaking of Diversity: Language and Ethnicity in Twentieth-Century America(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992), p. 51.

194 Randolph Bourne quoted in T. Alexander Aleinkoff, "A Multicultural Nationalism", American Prospect,no. 36 (January-February 1998), p. 81.

195 Arthur Mann, The One and the Many: Reflections on the American Identity(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979), p. 137, 142-47.

196 Theodore Roosevelt quoted in Gordon, Assimilation in American Life,p. 122 from Edward N. Saveth, American Historians and European Immigrants, 1875-1925(New York: Columbia University Press, 1948), p. 121.

197 Robert A. Carlson, The Quest for Conformity: Americanization Through Education(New York: John Wiley,

1975), p. 6-7.

198 Louis Brandeis, Address, Faneuil Hall, Boston, July 4, 1919, quoted in John J. Miller, The Unmaking of Americans(New York: Free Press, 1998).

199 John F. McClymer, "The Federal Government and the Americanization Movement, 1915-1924", Prologue,10 (Spring 1978), p. 24; Ronald Fernandez, "Getting Germans to Fight Germans: The Americanizers of World War I", The Journal of Ethnic Studies,9 (Summer 1981), p. 61.

200 Carlson, The Quest for Conformityp. 113; Edward George Hartmann, The Movement to Americanize the Immigrant(New York: Columbia University Press 1948), p. 92; Henry Ford, quoted in Otis L. Graham and Elizabeth Koed, "Americanizing the Immigrant, Past and Future", The Social

598

Contract,4 (Winter 1993-94), p. 101; Gerd Korman, Industrialization, Immigrants and Americanization(Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1967), p. 147, 158-59; Higham, Strangers in the Land,p. 244-45.

201 Higham, Strangers in the Land,p. 249.

202 Carlson, The Quest for Conformity,p. 89-90.

203 John F. McClymer, "The Americanization Movement and the Education of the Foreign-Born Adult, 1914-25", in Bernard J. Weiss, ed., American Education and the European Immigrant, 1840-1940(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992), p. 98; McClymer, "The Federal Government and the Americanization Movement, 1915-1924", p. 40; Hartmann, The Movement to Americanize the Immigrant,p. 64ff.

204 Miller, The Unmaking of Americans,p. 221, 223.

205 Carl F. Kaestle, Pillars of the Republic: Common Schools and American Society, 1780-1860(New York: Hill Wang 1983), p. 161-62.

206 Stephen Steinberg, The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America(New York: Atheneum, 1981), p. 54.

207 Joel M. Roitman, The Immigrants, the Progressives, and the Schools(Stark, KS: De Young Press 1996), p.l; McClymer", The Americanization Movement", p. 103; Miller, The Unmaking of Americans,p. 49; Roitman, The Immigrants, the Progressives, and the Schools,p. 51-52; Carlson, The Quest for Conformity,p. 114; Reed Ueda, "When Assimilation Was the American Way", Washington Post, 2April 1995, p. R10.

208 Curti, Roots of American Loyalty,p. 223ff; Paul С Stern, "Why Do People Sacrifice for Their Nations?" Political Psychology,16 (2, 1995), p. 223-24.

209 Robin M. Williams, Jr., American Society: A Sociological Interpretation(New York: Knopf, 1952), p. 527, quoted in Gleason, Speaking of Diversity,p. 175.

210 Gleason , Speaking of Diversity,p. 175; Arthur A. Stein, The Nation at War(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980), p. 92; Philip Gleason, "American Identity and Americanization", in Stephan Thernstrom, ed., Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups(Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1980), p. 47; Albert

599

O. Hirschman, Journeys Toward Progress(New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1963), p. 137. See also J.M. Winter, The Great War and the British People(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986).

211 Hedrick Smith, The Russians(New York: Quadrangle New York Times Books 1976), p. 302-03.

212 Jack Citrin, Ernst B. Haas, Christopher С Muste, Beth Reingold, "Is American Nationalism Changing? Implications for Foreign Policy", International Studies Quarterly,38 (March 1994), p. 3-5.

213 Robert D. Kaplan, "Fort Leavenworth and the Eclipse of Nationhood", Atlantic Monthly,278 (September 1996), p. 75ff; Diana Schaub, "On the Character of Generation X", The Public Interest,137 (Fall 1999), p. 23; George Lipsitz, "Dilemmas of Beset Nationhood: Patriotism, the Family, and Economic Change in the 1970s and 1980s", in Bodnar, ed., Bonds of Affection,p. 251ff; Walter Berns, "On Patriotism", The Public Interest,127 (Spring 1997), p. 31; Peter H. Schuck, Citizens, Strangers, and In-Betweens: Essays on Immigration and Citizenship(Boulder: Westview Press, 1998), p. 163ff.